Chọn A

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)

KOH + HCl \(\rightarrow\)KCl + H₂O

n_KOH=0,2.0,5=0,1(mol)

m_HCl=200.\(\dfrac{a}{100}=2a\)

n_HCl=\(\dfrac{2a}{36,5}\)

Theo PTHH ta có:

n_KOH=n_HCl=0,1(mol)

=>\(\dfrac{2a}{36,5}=0,1\)

2a=3,65

=>a=1,825

\(a)2NaOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\\ b)n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1mol\\ n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1:2=0,05mol\\ m_{ddCuCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.135}{10}\cdot100=67,5g\\ c)n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ C_{\%NaCl}=\dfrac{0,1.58,5}{\dfrac{4}{10}\cdot100+67,5-0,05.98}\cdot100=14,0625\%\)

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=16\left(g\right)\)

b+c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+6n_{Fe_2O_3}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)

Mặt khác: \(n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_3}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=209,3\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{209,3}\cdot100\%\approx12,14\%\\C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{209,3}\cdot100\%\approx15,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1         2             1           1

       0,2      0,4          0,2         0,2

     \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)

         1             6               2            3

        0,1         0,6             0,2

a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe2O3}=27,2-11,2=16\left(g\right)\)

b) Có : \(m_{Fe2O3}=16\left(g\right)\)

 \(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+0,6=1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{36,5.100}{20}=182,5\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{FeCl2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{FeCl3}=0,2.162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=27,2+182,5-\left(0,2.2\right)=209,3\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{25,4.100}{209,3}=12,14\)⁰/₀

\(C_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{32,5.100}{209,3}=15,53\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

KOH + HCl \(\rightarrow\)KCl + H₂O

n_KOH=0,2.0,5=0,1(mol)

Theo PTHH ta có:

n_KOH=n_HCl=0,1(mol)

m_HCl=36,5.0,1=3,65(g)

C% dd HCl=\(\dfrac{3,65}{200}.100\%=1,825\%\)

a)Na2CO3+2HCl--->2NaCl+H2O+CO2

x------------------------------------------------x-

CaCO3+2HCl--->CaCl2+H2O+CO2

y-----------------------------------------y

Ta có n CO2=6,72/22,4=0,3(mol)

Theo bài ra ta có hpt

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}106x+100y=30,6\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

%m Na2CO3=0,1.106/30,6.100%=34,64%

%m CaCO3=100%-34,64%=65,36%

b) n HCl=2n CO2=0,6(mol)

m HCl=0,6.36,5=21,9(g)

m dd HCl=21,9.100/20=109,5(g)

m dd sau pư=m hh+m dd HCl-m CO2

=30,6+109,5-18=122,1(g)

%m NaCl=0,2.58,5/122,1.100%=9,58%

%m CaCl2=0,2.111/122,1.100%=18,18%

n

giup minh voi minh cam on a

10)

a) PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2 HCl -> 2 NaCl + H2O + CO2

x_____________2x______2x________x__x(mol)

CaCO3 + 2 HCl -> CaCl2 +H2O + CO2

y_________2y______y_y_________y(mol)

nCO2= x+y=6,72/22,4=0,3 (1)

mNa2CO3 + mCaCO3= mhh

<=> 106x+100y= 30,6 (2)

từ (1)., (2) có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,3\\106x+100y=30,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mNa2CO3= 0,1. 106 =10,6(g)

=> \(\%mNa2CO3=\frac{10,6}{30,6}.100\approx34,641\%\\ \Rightarrow\%mCaCO3\approx100\%-34,641\%\approx65,359\%\)

b) nHCl= 2x+2y= 2.0,1+2.0,2=0,6(mol)

=> mHCl= 0,6.36,5= 21,9(g)

=> mddHCl= (21,9.100)/20= 109,5(g)

=> mddsau= m(hh)+ mddHCl - mCO2= 30,6+109,5 - 0,3.44= 126,9(g)

mNaCl= 2x.58,5= 2.0,1.58,5= 11,7(g)

mCaCl2= 2y.111= 2.0,2.111= 44,4(g)

=> \(C\%ddNaCl=\frac{11,7}{126,9}.100\approx9,22\%\\ C\%ddCaCl2=\frac{44,4}{126,9}.100\approx34,988\%\)

\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.10}{100}=20\left(g\right)=>n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H₂O

______0,5-------------->0,5

=> m_NaCl = 0,5.58,5 = 29,25(g)

m_{dd sau pư} = 200 + 100 = 300 (g)

=> \(C\%\left(NaCl\right)=\dfrac{29,25}{300}.100\%=9,75\%\)

a) $n_{CaCO_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaCO_3} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3.36,5}{7,3\%} = 150(gam)$

b)

$n_{CaCl_2} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} =0,15(mol)$
$V_{CO_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
c)

$m_{dd} = 15 + 150 - 0,15.44 = 158,4(gam)$

$C\%_{CaCl_2} = \dfrac{0,15.111}{158,4}.100\% = 10,51\%$